| Element | % | | Oxide | % |
| H | 0.09 | | H2O | 0.80 |
| O | 48.63 | | | |
| F | 0.07 | | F | 0.07 |
| Na | 3.01 | | Na2O | 4.06 |
| Mg | 0.04 | | MgO | 0.07 |
| Al | 6.94 | | Al2O3 | 13.11 |
| Si | 34.56 | | SiO2 | 73.94 |
| Cl | 0.36 | | Cl | 0.36 |
| K | 4.18 | | K2O | 5.04 |
| Ca | 0.54 | | CaO | 0.76 |
| Ti | 0.06 | | TiO2 | 0.10 |
| Mn | 0.05 | | MnO | 0.06 |
| Fe | 1.34 | | FeO | 1.72 |
|
|
|
| Sum | 99.9 | | Sum | 100.1 |
|
|  | |
| 200 µ m
| |
|
This is a reflected light micrograph of a polished, carbon coated
obsidian grain.
The identifying etched label, which is a feature
of our standards, is invaluable for navigating in an electron beam instrument.
Obsidian is a volcanic
glass containing the full range of rock-forming elements from
hydrogen to iron. Because of its glassy state, the alkali elements
Na and K are not tightly bound and may therefore migrate, giving
instability in intense electron bombardment. However, the
composition has been well established through repeated analysis by
classes of students, it is a most useful standard for general use
in silicate analysis.
|