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KODAK® Photographic Films for Electron Microscopy

For the finest in image recording in both SEM and TEM labs



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KODAK® Electron Microscope Film 4489™

This is an extremely fine grain film on a 7 mil (0.178mm) thick polyester base and which has become the standard of the world in EM laboratories. The film exhibits a blue-sensitive emulsion and to increase the ease of darkroom handling, each sheet, with emulsion side "up", is notched at the top edge, right hand side. Absolutely no variation in speed or other characteristics from batch to batch is ever observed.

The fact that this is the most widely used EM film used in the world is not an accident. Others have tried to duplicate its outstanding characteristics and most users of EM film will agree that no one has quite equalled its performance. At least up until now. There is indeed a high quality alternative, it is manufactured in Germany and is called the MACO™ ES electron microscope film. Both films have characteristics that make them ideally suited for both bright field and dark field electron microscopy as well as selected area electron diffraction. Both have strong polyester polymer bases containing no solvents, are highly tear resistant, indeed one probably could not tear either film. And both films seem to exhibit comparable UHV compatibility so long as it is properly prepumped before being inserted into the vacuum system of the TEM.

KODAK Electron Microscope Film 4489 has approximately half the speed of KODAK Electron Image Film SO-163 film, but exhibits less curl and shorter pump-down times. There is a general consensus that SO-163 is the preferred film for those doing biological, polymer or other low dose applications where the specimens are beam sensitive and shorter exposure times are desirable. However, if you are routinely making enlargements of 8-10x from the negatives, your preference might be for Film 4489.

Some comments on "reformulated 4489":
In roughly June 2002, Kodak introduced a "reformulated" version of KODAK Electron Microscope Film 4489. So far as we know, the new formulation of the film is marked on the outside of the box New Formulation. The film's expiration date is two years from the date of manufacture. Boxes of 4489 showing an expiration date earlier than roughly June 2004 are probably of the original formulation. SPI Supplies presently stocks only the "New Formulation". But the new film, although meant to be plug-in compatible with the original formulation, it is not exactly the same thing, and therefore, while some users notice no difference at all, others may see some differences. We offer some suggestions for those who might be using the "new formulation".

Alternatives to Kodak 4489 Electron Microscope Film:
We are in the "dog house" with Kodak for having done it, but as explained above, we have been offering the MACO™ ES Electron Microscope Film to our many customers of Kodak 4489 who are unhappy about the escalating price of the Kodak film. The price of the MACO ES film is significantly lower, yet there is no sacrificing of quality. And our customers seem to report either little or no difference in the final developed image. And they could not be happier because of the much lower price. You can continue using your same darkroom chemistry or consider switching to non-Kodak chemicals. We are happy to present this opportunities for those of our customers still using film in their TEMs to save substantial amounts of money.

Safelight filters: Kodak 1A (light red), OA (greenish yellow), OC (light amber)
Recommended developers: Kodak Developer D-19.
Packaging: Boxes of 100 sheets or Multi-Paks™ of 250 sheets

Static control:
The developed film tends to develop a static charge which can result in attracting dust which shows up a defects in a scanned or printed image. We recommend the Zerostat® anti-static gun as a means of static control and improved final results in the final image.
Film 4489
SizeSPI #EachIn Stock
3 1/4" x 4" (8.25 x 10.16 cm)
Box (100 sheets)09841-MB$ 170.00 Add to cartYes
Case of 20 boxes (100 sheets)
Not eligible for flat rate shipping programs
09841-CA3230.00 Add to cartNo
Multi pack™ (250 sheets)09840-NA  365.00 Add to cartYes

6.5cm x 9.0cm
Box (100 sheets)
09842-MB   170.00 Add to cartYes

7cm x 7cm (2.55 x 2.55")
Box (100 sheets)
09843-MB   172.00 Add to cartNo





KODAK® Electron Image Film SO-163™

This film is known for its high speed, as it is twice as fast as Kodak Electron Microscope Film 4489 and is comparable or slightly faster than Kodak Electron Image Plates™.

The film, like 4489, is on a 7 mil (0.178 mm) thick clear polyester base, which contains no solvents, is to tear resistant it borders on being "untearable" and as if this was not enough, it is also essentially UHV compatible so long as it is properly prepumped before being inserted into the high vacuum system. It exhibits a blue sensitive emulsion and to increase ease of handling in the dark room, each sheet, with the emulsion side "up", is notched at the top, at the right edge, right hand side. Some have reported a tendency for this film to "curl", but the more recent production runs of this product seem less prone to exhibit this tendency.

Many foreign users have reported to us that if someone had been using the highly regarded Agfa Scientia Film 23D56, 3.25x4" size, then Kodak SO163 can be used as a direct replacement without the need to make any other changes. In other words, it was plug in compatible.

We say "was" because several years ago, Agfa discontinued the production of Agfa Scientia Film 23D56, and at the same time, they licensed another firm in Germany to manufacture the film under a special license. SPI Supplies is the exclusive worldwide distributor (outside of Germany) for what is called the
MACO™ EM Electron Microscope Film. We have found in our own laboratory, as have also numerous customers, that the MACO EM Electron Microscope Film is plug in compatible (or certainly nearly so) with Kodak SO-163 film. But the big advantage of the MACO film is that it is nearly half the price of the Kodak product and in these days of tight microscopy laboratory budgets, a growing number of laboratories are making the switch.

Static control:
All developed film tends to develop a static charge which can result in settled dust and then defects in a scanned or printed image. We recommend the Zerostat® anti-static gun as a means of static control and improved final results in the final image.

Safelight: Kodak 1 (red) or Kodak 6B (brown)
Recommended Developer: Kodak D-19
Kodak SO163 Film
SizeSPI #Each In Stock
3 1/4" x 4"
Box (100 sheets)09810-MB$ 179.00 Add to cartYes
Case of 20 boxes (100 sheets)
Not eligible for flat rate shipping programs
09810-CA  3391.50 Add to cartNo
Box (250 sheets)09812-NA   376.00 Add to cartYes
Case of 12 boxes (250 sheets)
Not eligible for flat rate shipping programs
09812-BC4286.00 Add to cartNo

6.5cm x 9cm
Box (100 sheets)09811-MB   175.00 Add to cartYes
Case of 20 boxes (100 sheets)
Not eligible for flat rate shipping programs
09811-CA3325.00 Add to cartNo




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Tuesday February 09, 2010
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